§ 5 AGG refers to “disadvantages”. In this context, “disadvantage” means certain circumstances that lead to a person having unequal opportunities based on grounds listed in § 1 AGG. This disadvantage must still be present when the measure is taken. Therefore, it cannot only relate to previous generations. However, preventive measures against future disadvantages are possible. The circumstances may be objective characteristics like the fact that women can become pregnant. They may also be based on generalisations and resentments, for example on the assumption that women have no leadership abilities or persons of certain ethnic origins are generally less willing to work than other.